Mechanics liens do exist as a remedy in Puerto Rico, but they don't necessarily operate in the same way that liens do in the states. Contrary to how mechanics liens generally function in the 50 U.S. states, in Puerto Rico, a mechanics lien is the most restrictively available nonpayment remedy.
A mechanics lien is only available to laborers, and is only available if no bond was provided on the project. If a mechanics lien is available, however, the procedure for obtaining that protection is relatively simple.
No preliminary notice is required for mechanics lien protection, and the lien itself must only be delivered to the owner prior to initiating a suit to enforce. The suit to enforce the lien must be initiated within 1 year of the date on which the claimant last furnished labor and/or materials to the project.
At zlien, we do not file mechanics liens in Puerto Rico, but we do offer other products there such as notice of intent to lien. While not required in Puerto Rico, sending a notice of intent to lien costs far less than filing a lien and often results in a faster resolution to the payment dispute. Plus, if it doesn't work, you can always go forward with filing a lien.
If you'd like more information on recovery options in Puerto Rico, we've got a recent post on the subject: https://blog.zlien.com/construction-payment/how-to-get-paid-on-construction-projects-in-puerto-rico-and-the-usvi/